Combined air compressor and intercooler.



J. G; LEYNER. GOMBINBD Am COMPRESSOR AND INTBRGOOLER.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.1, 1902. 938,04., Patented 0@n.26,1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 1`.

J. G. LEYNER. COMBINED AIR COMPRESSOR AND INTERUO0LER.

APPLIOATION TILED 00T. 1, 1902.

Patented Oct. 26, 1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. G. LEYNE. COMBINED AIB. COMPRESSOR ANDEINTEECOOLEB.-

Armonou mm 00m. 1902' patentado@ 26, 191'09.

l, 57 (72M domw J. G. LEYNER.

COMBINED AIB, GOMPRBSSOR AND INTBRGOOLER.

A APPLICATION FILED 0OT.1, 1902. @38,0% Patented oet. 26, 1909.

1l SHEETS-SHEET 5.

J. G. LEYNER.

COMBINED AIR UOMPRESSOR AND INTEBOOLER.

APPLIUATION FILED 00T.1, 1902.

938,004., Patented 0011.26, 1909 11 SHEETS-SHEET e.

J. G. LBYNER. i COMBINED AIR COMPRESSOR AND INTERCOOLER.

938;@@48 APPLICATION FILED 00T. 1, 1902. .Patented oct. 26,

11 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

J. G. LEYNER.

COMBINED AIB. COMPRESSOR AND INTEBCOOLBR.

APPLIOATIION FILED 00T. 1, 1902. 98,004. v Patented oct. was.

11 SHEET EBT 8.

J. G. LBYNBR. l COMBINED AIR COMPRESSOR AND INTBRCOOLER.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 1. 1902.

Patented Oct. 26, l1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

J. G. LEYNER. COMBINED AIR COMPRESSOR AND INTBRCOOLER.

APPLICATION' .PI-LED 00T.1, 1902.

Patented Oct. 26, 1909.

11 SHEETS--SHEBT 11.

. from a 30H11' G'EQRG-E LEYNER, DENVER, COLGRADO.

COMBINED .AIR COMPRESSOR AND ITERCOOLER.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Application ed''ctober 1, 1902. Hertel No. 1225,539.

To all whom 'it may concern.:

Be it known that I, JOHN bGrnonon LEYNER, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State ofColorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in CombinedAir-Compressors and Air-Intercoolers; and I do declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the in. vention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to thefigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification. t

My invention relates to improvements in air compressors and consists oian improved inter-cooler for air compressing cylinders,

and the objects of my invention are; tiret, to provide means for coolingthe air as it is compressed in such a, manner that all the air is verythoroughly mixed. together en d evenly cooled; second, to lprovide meansfor preventing air currents from being formed, as the airis compressed,which tends to prevent an even cooling of the air third, to providemeans for passing the air as it is compressed by a circuito'us paththrough a.

'system of tubes arranged in a water jacketed cylinder; fourth, toprovide a compressed air inter-cooler in whichthe air is drawnre-determined source and is compressed 1n a compound air compressor insuch a manner that itfis forcedto travelin reverse directions and isvery thorou nlp and evenly mixed u and evenly coole'dg attain theseobjects y the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich: v

Figure 1 represents a central longitudinal vertical section lof/an aircompressing engine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents anenlarged' lon itudinal elevation .partially in section, an f with the clinder shellsf broken away, of the inter-coo er of the low and highpressure cylinders showing the arrangement ofthe water jacket, theAairipes, the air-valves and the hollowcylindereads of both the lowandhigh pressure cylinders.

Fig. 3 represents a longitudinal, sectional y View of the long distancepiece or arm that connects the low pressure cylinder with an operativesteam engine or other suitable power.` Fig. 4 is a plan view of the longdistance piece or arm. Figo is an end elevation of the cylinder head endof the long Ydistance piece that connects to the low pressure cylinder.Fig. 6 is a cross section of the cylinder-head end of the long distancepiece on line Fof Fio'. 4. Fig. 7 is a cross section of Fig. t on line Hin the direction oi the arrow. Fig. 8 is an end elevation of the lonf'rdistance piece end of the low pressure cy inder. Fig. 9 is an endelevation of the short distance piece end of the low pressure cylinder.section of the long distance piece en'd of the low pressure aircompressing cylinder on line A of Fig. l, the air-valves not beingshown. Fig. 1'1 is a central longitudinal sec tion through the lowpressure cylinder. Fig. 12 represents a cross section of the shortdistance piece end of the low pressure cylinder Fig. 10 represents across on line B ot' Fig. 1, the air-valves not being shown. Fig. 13 is aplan view of the short y showing the high pressure cylinder end of theshort distanceI piece. Fig. 16 is a section of the low pressure end of'the short piece on line K of Fig. 13r Fig. 17 is a section of the highpressurecylinder end of short distance piece on line L of Fig. 13. Fig.18 is a section Aof Fig. 13 on line M. Fig. 19 is a. section of-Fig. 13on line N. Fig. 20 is an end elevation of the' short distance piece endof the high pressure cylinder. Both ends of this cylinder are alike.Fig. 21 is section of the high presso. e cylinder on line 0 i of Fig. 1;a section on line 1 would be like Fig. 21. Fig. 22 is an end elevationof therear air-head. Fig. 253 is a veiticai section through said head online QofFig. 1. Fig. 24 is a cross section of Fig. 23. F ig, 25 is aplan view of the bed-plate on which the low 'pressure cylinder isseated` and Fig. 26 is a lcrosssection of Fig. 25. on line 55.

Similar char'cters'of reference refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views. Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a' saddle-shapedbed plate, see Figs. 25 and 26.

2 designates a foundation for the bed' plate. This bed-plate comprises ahollow oit-shaped casting having an aperture 3 in its bottom whichregisters with an air conduit f1 that is formed in the foundation andleads in any desired direction to the atmosphere.

5 designates a low pressure water jackilo piece.

eted air compressing cylinder which is seated in and secured to thesaddle of the hed-plate by cap-screws which extend through the holes 4Aand thread into the holes 4B in the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 12. Thecylinder 5 is provided with a bore 5^ and is connected by a longdistance piece 6, see Figs. 3 and 4, to a steam engine cylinder or otherpiston actuating power niotor, such as electricity or a water wheel, orwhere desired, a power driven mechanism inay be connected to the longdistance piece. Only a 'fragment ofthe long distance piece is shown inFigs. 1 and 2. The long distance piece forms a housing for guide-ways 7and 8 which are secured at their ends to the lugs 9. A cross head 10 isslidahly mounted in the guide-ways. A. piston-rod 11 is threadedlysecured to the cross-head and extends through the Shilling-box 12 intothe low pressure air compressing cylinder 5 where it is secured to apistonehead 13. This piston head is preferably cast hollow and in oneThe bolts 13A are used to hrace the two opposite heads oi lthe pistonYthat are reciprocally mounted in the bore thereof, and also to clamp orlock the piston head to the threads ot' the connecting rod a ainstaccidental turnin thereon, or dispacement. The cross-head is connectedby suitable connecting rods with the power end of the compresser. l donot illustrate the power mechanism or the connecting rods as they arewell known parts of an air compressing en` gine and are usedtoreciprocate the piston heads and rods of the air compressing cylinders.l

14 designates a high pressure air co1n pressing cylinder which issecured tothe `rear end of the low pressure cylinder by' a shortdistance piece 15. The piston-rod 11 is a separate piece which isthreaded to the piston-head 13 or the low pressure cylinder extendsrearward into the high pressure cylinder anmd is threadedly secured atits end two shells that surround the pistons cylin-.

der. The low pressure cylinder contains a water jacket of similarconstruction and arrangement. The water jacket portion of thelow-pressure cylinder does not extend the lull length of the cylinder,but to within a snort distance of' each end.j in the low pressurecylinder annular walls 20, 21 close the ends of the water space 19 andsimilar walls 22, 23 close the ends of the water jacket on the highpressure icylinder. In the high pressure cylinder however, there is aportion of its circumference that is formed into a water jacket and doesextend completely to the ends of the high pressure cylinder, there beingan offset in the annular' heads, see Fig. 2, in which the upper portionof the high pressure cylinder is Shown with a waterjacket having annularheads 22 and 23, while the cylinder extends beyond lthese heads at thisupper side to annular end walls, while at the lower side the air tubesand water jacket extend'to the annular end walls. The cylinders areeachprovided with end walls. 24, 25 and 26, 27 designate the end walls onthe low and high pressure cylinders, respectively. These end wallsextend from the pistons bore to the outer shell. Between the annular endwalls 24 and 25 of the low pressure cylinder and the heads 2() and 21 ofthe water jacket of that cylinder air spaces 28 and 29 are formed.Similar air spaces 30 and 31 are also formed-between the annular endwalls 26 and 27 of the high pressure cylinder and its water jacket heads22 and 23. The low pressure cylinder is provided with water outlet pipes32 and 33 and the high pressure cylinder is provided with water outletpipes 34 and 35, all of which are preferably placed at the top of thecylinders.

Both cylinders are provided with a. water inlet pipe 36 which .ispreferably arranged to connect the two cylinders together. Valves 36A,37 and 38 are placed in the water inlet pipes to control the volume ofsupply, and pipe 39 leads tov the pipe 36 and conveys the cooling waterto the air coinpressor; the pipe 40 is a drain pipe, and valve38controlsdrain water, see Fig. 2'. The low pressure cylinder end of thelong distance piece is provided with a cylinder head 41' that forms thefront cylinder head of the low pressure cylinder, vseeF ig. 5, which isan end elevation of this cylinder head, and Fig. 6 which is a section online F' of F ig. 4. This cylinder-head is bolted by bolts 42 which areinserted in the holes 43 to the adjacent end of the low pressurecylinder. This cylinder-head is provided with an air space 44. 43a, 43A,43B, 43C, 43D and 43E designate strengthening ribs as do also .thestuds'43F. They extend across the air space from one side to the otherof the cylinder head. 45 and 46 are air passages which extend throughthe periphery of the cylinder head. These air passages register with apassage 47 formed on the adjacent' end ot' the bed-plate 1. The airspace 44 extends entirely around the interior of Ythe 1 hylii'idcr-headexcept acentral disk portion 4S) is formed, in which the piston rodsstutting box is positioned. v

The cylinder-head is provided with a slightly projecting solid hubportion 50 which extends into and fits a slight counterbore 51 formed inthe adjacent end oat' the cylinder, 5. Through this hub and through I i't e bolts 42 screw, that fasten the cylinder cylinder.

the opposite wall' of the cylinder-head I bore a plurality of holesin'which I set air inlet valves 52. These holes and valves arevpreferably arranged in a circle concentric head. A valve-stem 54 issecured to t e housing at one end and supports a disk 55 at its oppositeend, and a valve 56 which is made in the form of a sleeve lits slidablyon the valve-stem. Aspring 57 isinterposed` between the disk at the endof the valvestem and the end of the valve.

.A valve-seat is formed on the cylinder side of the valve casing againstwhich the valve is .normally held by the spring 57. These .valvesconsequently connect the passages from the air space in the cylinderhead which is in communication with the atmsphere, throuofh thebed-plate and air conduit 1n the foundation, with the interior of theThe long distance piece endv of the low gressure cylinder is shown inFig. 8.-` 5'?- esignates the pistons bore of the cylinder, and lthecounterbore at the end of the c linder. 5 8 designates the holes inwhich head of the lon distance piece end to the low pressure cylinder.59 designates apertures through the front and rear ends of the lowpressure cylinder, adjacent to the water jackets partitions 20 and 2l,where holes 60 are also formed, of slightly less diameter, registering'axially with the holes 59 in the head ends of the cylinder. A group oflarge holes 6l are formed through the head ends of the top portion ofthe low pressure cylin der. These holes permit the air tubes to heintroduced into 'the water jackets' and are closed by the cylinderheads. Holes 62 or" smaller diameter are drilled in axial alinement witheach one of the holes 61 through the front and rear heads of the waterjacket, and in the holes 62 of the heads of the water jacket I placetubes 63, which are tltted and calked watertight to the water jacketheads, 2O and 2l. These air pipes extend "axially of the cylinderthrough the water jackets space only, and extend from one water jackethead 20 to the o positewater jacket head 2l, see Figs. l 21u32. i.

The air tubes (53 are shown in Figs. l and while the holes in the heads20 andjQlin which they are calkcd, are shown in' FigsLfS and 9. Groups141 of smaller'airtubes 64 extend across the water jacket, at each sideof the cylinder while a similar group 1:42 extends across the under sideof the water jacket.A lThe air tubes are broken away as shown in liig. 2in order to show the direction the air flows througn them. The air 66,by the partitions,

compressed air from the low space in the front head end of the cylinderi is divided into two compartments, 65 and 67 and 68, which extendacross the space between the end of the water jacket and the erid of thecylinder,'see Fi 10, which is a'section of the iront head en. of thecylinder on line A of Fig. 2. These partitions are positioned to inclosein the upper'compartment the group of large The compartment formed be-vair pipes 63. tween the partition 67 and 68. is in open communicationw1th them, while the air compartment below these partitions is inopen-communication with all of the groupr of small pipes 64. rIhe airspace in the rear end of the cylinder is also divided into twocompartments, 69 and 70, by two partitions 71and 72 as shown in Fig. 12,which is a cross section of this end ofthe cylinder on line B of F ig.These partitions are arL ranged at the lower portion of the air cylinderand divide the air space so that its upper ortion is in opencommunication' with the arge air tubes at the top of the cylinder andalso a group of the smaller air tubes, 'while the'air compartment belowthe partitions is in open communication with the balance. of the airtubes at the bottom portion of the cylinder. In both the front and rearcylinder heads of the low pressure-cylinder I -place a plurality of airvalves, securing each 'n' radial holes 73 and 74:, in the shells ofthe'cylinder. threaded and a casin 75 is threadedly se-i, cured in eachhole. T is casing `comprises a sleeve4 .that fits at its lower end intothe hole 74, a valve stem 76 havin a valve at its The holes 73 are Alower` end is supported slida ly in the top of the casing; a valve seat77 ismade in the lower end of the casing and a conical-shaped coiled,expansivev sprmg'is placed'l between ,'acket, as will be more fullydescribed hereafter. I have illustrated four of these outlet valves; allarger number being used with cylinders of greater diameter.

v An oil hole 7 9 is provided' through a stem of metal 8O that extendsbetween the shells of the cylinder, and 'an oil cup 8l isthreadedlysecured in the oil-hole to lubricate the cylinder. l

At the rear en d of the low pressure cylin der a short distance piece15, see Fig. 13, is employed to connect the low and high pressurecylinders together and to convey the pressure cylinderto the highpressure cylinder. Cylinder rom which it flows into heads Vare formed oneach end of this short distance piece. The cylinder-head 82Aconnects-the low pressure cylinder tothe short distance piece. Anelevation ofthe end of this rear cylinder-head is shown in Fig. 14. Thisrear cylinder-head is provided with an interior air space 83 and with ahub portion 84 in which a'stutiing boX 85 is positioned, through whichthe piston rod reciprocates. 85A and 85B and the ribs 85C arestrengthening pieces which extend across the air space. The air spacesurrounds the hub portion, eX- tends through the bottom of the head andregisters with the air chamber of the bedplate, see Fig. 16, which is asection of Fig. 13 on line K. A preferably circular row of air inletvalves 86 similar in construction to those in the end of the frontcylinder-head is operatively secured inthe rear head to admit the airfrom the air compartment of that end of the cylinder. This rearcylinder-head and the short distance piece of which it forms a part isbolted by means of bolts 80A, which are inserted through the holes 87 tothe rear end of the cylinder. At the lower portion of this rear cylinderhead there are two independent air spaces formed, 88 and 89, by thepartitions 90 and 91. These air spaces have air passage holes 91A and91VB shown in the end view of Fig. 14. These two groups of air passageholes in this end of the short distance piece are the only air passagesleading from the low pressure cylinder into the adjacent end of theshort distance piece, as otherwise the end'is a solid flange end. Thesetwo air passages 88 and 89 conduct the air from the low pressure cylinder across the rear cylinder head and deliver it into an air conduit92 that forms the lower portionof the short distance pieceand extendsfrom its low pressure cylinder end 4to its high pressure cylinder end.At the upper portion a similar air conduit 93 is formed that connectsthe two cylinder head ends of the short distance piece together. Theconduit 82 conveys the air from the air compartment of the rearcylinder-head of the low pressure cylinder, which is the front end ofthe short distance piece to the front cylinder head of the high pressurecylinder, which is the rear end of the short distance piece. A sectionacross the short distance piece through these two air conduitsclose tothe front end on line N, Fig. 13, is shown in Fig. 19, and a section online M Fig. 13, close to the opposite end is shown in Fig. 18. Theelevation of the rear end or high pressure cylinder head is.y shown inFig. 15 and a section through this end is shown in Fig. 17. lThiscylinder-head is also a hollow air-head and is divided into three aircompartments 95 and 96 and 97 by the two transverse partitions 98 and99, see Fig. 17; consequently the air that Hows through the lowerconduit 92 of the short distance piece enters the air compartment 95 ofits high pressure cylinder-head and then flows through the lower groupof air passageholes 100 in its end flange. The number of these airpassage holes 100, Varies with cylinders ot different diameters. Thehigh pressure cylinder is bolted by bolts 101 through the holes 102 tothe adjacent cylinder head end of the short distance piece. An endelevation of lthe front end of the high pressure cylinder is shown inFig. 20 and a cross section through this end on line O of Fig. 2 isvshown in Fig. 21.

Thehigh pressure cylinder is constructed substantially like the lowpressure cylinder, but is smaller. It is provided at its ends with aircompartments 30 and 31. These are confined however to the upper end ofthe cylinder by partitions 105 and 106%. Below these partitions thewater' jacket 19 extends to thel ends of the cylinder. The high pressurecylinder is provided with a piston bore 17 and a water jacket 19. Thiswater jacket is constructed like that of the low pressure cylinder, butits heads are the ends of the cylinder below the air compartmentpartitions 22 and 23 in its ends. Its water jacket is also provided withair tubes to conduct the air from one end to the other, as will be morefully described hereinafter, almost the same number and arrangement oftubes being preferably used. The short distance pieceend of the high.pressure cylinder is provided with air passage holes Whlch registerwith the ends of holes 109, see Fig. 21, formedin the end of the highpressure cylinder in which are secured one end of the air tubes 110, theopposite ends of-which are secured tothe opposite or rear end head ofthe water jacket. The lower group of air tubes of this cylinder registerwith the lower group of air passage holes 100 in the end of the rearcylinder head of the short distance piece that open from the aircompartment 95; consequently the air that passes rom' the low pressurecylinder through the lower conduit 92 into the compartment 95 passesdirectly into the lower. tubes 110 and passes to the rear cylinder head111 of 'the cylinder, which is provided with an air compartment 112. Anend elevationof the rear cylinder head is shown in Fig. 22. A crosssection also ofthe rear cylinder head is shown in Fig". 23 and atransverse section of the rear cylinder head on line R of Fig.

22 is shown in Fig. 24. lts front end is provided with the same group ofair passage holes as the cylinder itself below its trans verse or axialpartitions 105 vand 106A, which lead into the air c'ompartinent 112. Therear cylinder head is bolted to the cylinder by bolts 113 which passthrough the holes 104.

The rear cylinder-head is provided with a central hub portion 115 thatextends into the seance counterbore of the cylinder. The frontcylinder-head of the high pressurecylinder is opposite ends of thecylinder head similar` to the air inlet Valves in the opposite ends A ofthe low pressure cylinder; They are conthe large air sequently seated toadmit air from ythe centrai air compartment 96 ot the cylinder-head intothe pistonbore of the cylinder. A simi lar circular set of air inletvalves 119 is arran ed around the center of the rear cylinder ead 111.These also open to admit air from the air compartment of the rearcylinder-head into the pistons bore.

The central air compartment 96' of the front cylinder-head communicateswith the rear cylinder head through a group of air i tubes 120 whichextend through the water `iacket from one end of the high pressurecylinder to the other and register opposite the air passage holes 121 inthe front head,

and 122 in the rear head, as these tubes 120 are the only means of theair dowjng to the air compartment 96 and its valves in the 'front heed.The air compartment 97, of the front cylinder head communicates throughpassage holes 123 with the air l 'ement 3G in lthe adjacent end of the rTwhich is formed by the partitions and 106A, and the front head end ofthe inder and the head 22 of this end of the jacket, and a similar aircompart- -1 is oriied in the rear end of the cy nder by the head 23 ofthe water jacket and the rear head end of the cylinder. These two 'aircompartments are connected together by the large air tubes 126 which aresecured lheads ofthe water jacket.

ln each o1 the air compartments 30 and 31 at opposite ends of the highpressure cylinder l arrange a group of outlet valves 127 23, the numbervarying with cylinders afoot diameters. These valves are ariront end ot'the cylinder and in Vsimilar holes in 'the rear end. of the cylinder.These holes are formed in the shell 'of the bore of the cylinder and ofthe shell of the air compertinents respectively. The valves are similarin construction and arrangement and are seated in the same way as theoutlet valves of the low pressure cylinder 'and are arranged and adaptedto control the assage .it the air compressed in the cylinder into theair compartments. In the section in Fig. 21 of; this cylinder thesevalves are not shown.' These valves are threaded into the holes 129 andare provided with wrench fitting hubs y radially in the holes 129 and130 in 131 aty their tops by which they are screwed into thethreadedapparatus and the seated in the holes 130 which connect t e aircompartments with the -bore of the cylinder. ln the center of the topconduit 930i the short distance piece a flanged a erture 131 is formedupon which is screwed y bolts 132 a common form of plug valve 133. Apipe 134 is secured to`thevalve and conveys the compressed air to aplace of storage or use. This valve comprises a casing 135, a valve 136and an operating handle 137. The seat of the valve is overned yby ascrew 138. In the bottom o the lower air conduit 92 of the shortdistance piece I place a plug 139 which is used to discharge the air,whenever it is desired to use or take from the compressor a supply ofair from the low pressure cylinder.

The operation of my air compressor air intercooler yis as follows: Asupply of cold water is connected to the water inlet pipes of the waterjackets and isI kept circulating through the water jackets to cool.A theair compressed in the cylinders and a reciprocating motion is given tothe cross-head pistonrod and the pistons in the cylinders by anysuitable application of power to them. On the rearward strokes of thepiston of the low pressure cylinder the air is drawn in the cylindersthrough the group of air yinlet valves in its front head that surroundthe pistonrod. This air flows in the direction of the arrows 140 fromthe air conduit through the air chamber in the bed-p1ate. The air drawninto the cylinder by the suction of the piston is on the return strokecompressed and 'forced out of thecylinderthrough the air outlet valvesinto the air compartments and travels through the large air tubes 63, tothe opposite end of the cylinder into the ail' compartment of the rearend, 69 from which are' it returns throu h the two groups 141, see v Fi1 2, in whic these groups of six tubes eac are shown on opposite sidesof the cylindex'. The air is thus delivered to the front' end of thecylinder below .the partitions 67 and 63, and there Hows through thegroup 14:2 of the fourteen air pipes 64, that lie around the bottom ofthe water jacket to the rear end from which it passes into the aircompartments 88 and 8 9 of the rear cylinder head and through t-he lowerconduit92'zof the short distance piece into the lower coinpartment 95and through the lower tubes 110 of the high pressure cylinder to the aircompartment 112I of the rear cylinder head, from which it travels to thecentralcompari',-

ment 96 of the front cylinder-head of the high pressure cylinder throughthe group of tubes 120 and is drawn into the high pressure cylinderthrough the circular group ofL `air inlet valves 118 by the rearwardstrokes of its piston, which onits forward stroke compresses it andforces it through'the air outlet Valves into lthe air compartment 97,

from which it 'flows through the upper air passage 93 to the .air outletvalve 133 and to a place of storage'or of use.

The low pressure piston on its forward stroke draws air ,from the airconduit and bed plate air-'chamber into theair compartment 83 ofitsfrear'cylinder head and from this compartment'through the circulargroup ot' air inlet valves 8G' that surround the piston rod of thiscylinder head into the rear end o.'t`.,thc cylinder and on its rearwardstrokes l.compresses this air and forces it through the air outletvalves 76A into the airchamber 69 Where it mingles with the com-.pressed air from the forward end of the cylinder and Hows with itthrough the groups 1/11 of tubes 6K1 to the front of the cylinder andwith it. through the high pressure cylinder to the air outlet valve, asabove described. The rear end of the high pressure cylinder alsoreceives air on its forward strokes from the entire volume that flowsfrom the low pressure cylinder into its rear cylinder-head, through thecircular' group of air inlet valves 119 in itsend and'on its rearwardstrokes compresses and forces the air out through the outlet valves 128into the air compartment 31 from which it travels through the large airtubes 126 into the air compartment 30 and through the upper air conduit93 through the relief valve to stoi age or use. i

The air compartment in the cylinder-heads and the reverse directions inwhich the air travels in passing through the air compressing cylinderthoroughly mixes the air, brings it rapidly in contact with the coolestportions ofithe Water jacket and eifectually prevents the air fromforminef currents through any particular tubes o? those it passesthrough; consequently the compressed air as it leaves the air compressoris of an evenly cool temperature throughout.

While l have illustrated the preferred ar rangement andv number oftubes, outlet valves, inlet valves, and air compartments of my aircompressor; and inter-cooler, I do not wish. to be limited to the exactconstruction shown, as my invention contemplates the use of a pluralityof reverse paths Jfor the compressed air to travel through, with aircompartments or enlarged air chambers or spaces at the ends ofsaidreverse paths in which the air from the various paths can mix andmingle together' and a number of changescould be made Without departing'from' the spirit of my invention.

My patent No. 849,833, granted April 2, 1897, contains claims which aregeneric to those made herein.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

and pistmis, a water-jacket surrounding the low-gre` irc cylinder,continuous air passages extending through saidwater-jaclret and arrangedto carry compressed air deliv ered by each stroke of the pistonl in saidlo\v-}jn'essure cylinder, a conduit for deliver ing compressed andcooled air :trom the low pressure to the high-pressure cylinder, and anindependent air cooler and outlet for the high-pressure cylinder.

2. An air compressor and cooler, comprising low-pressure andhigh-pressure cylinders and pistons, a Water-j acket surrounding eachcylinder, continuous air passages eX- tending through each jacket andarranged to carry compressed air delivered by each stroke o1 the pistonin each cylinder, a conduit for delivering compressed and cooled airfrom the low-pressure to the high-pressure cylin der, and an air outletfor the high-pressure cyliiidcr.

3. An air compressor and cooler, comprising low-pressure andhigh-pressure cylinders and pistons, valved air inlets to thelowpressure cylinder, a valved outlet and air compartment at each end ofthe lowpressure cylinder, continuous cooling passages connecting saidcompartments and arranged to carry compressed air delivered by eachstroke of the low-pressure piston, a conduit for de livering compressedand cooled air from the low-prcssure to the high-pressure cylinder, andan air cooler and outlet for the highpressure cylinder..

4. An air'compressor and cooler, comprising low-pressure andhighpressure cylinders and pistons, valved air inlets to the lowpressurecylinder, a' valved outlet and air compartment at each end of eachcylinder, continuous cooling passages connecting the compartments ofeach cylinder and arranged to carry compressed air delivered by eachstroke or' each piston, an air conduit connecting one compartment ofboth cylinders, and

an air outlet for the high-pressure cylinder.

5. An air compressor and cooler, comprisu ing low-pressure andhigh-pressure cylinders and pistons, valvcd air inlets to thelowpressure cylinder, a valved outlet land air compartment` at each endof each cylinder', a. water jacket surrounding each cylinder, continuousair pipes extending through each of said water jackets from onecompartment to the other and arranged to carry compressed' pressurecylinder, its piston and its iston rod,. the bed-plate and the rear cyinder head, of a distance piece extending from said rear cylinder-headand divided into arms, a cylinder-head at the opposite end of lsaid.distance piece containing an air coinpartment, an air exit passage inone arm of said distance piece, an air compressing cylinder secured tothe rear-cylinder-liead of said distance piece and arranged inconiniunication with the e"it passage in the arm oi", said distancepiece, a stuffing-box in each of the cylinder heads of said distancepiecie, a group of air inlet valves in the rear cylinder head of saidvdistance piece arranged to' admit air to said rear cylinder, and meansincluding groups of air pipes which pass through a water jacket, forconveying air from said low-pressure cylinder to said rear cylinder,substantially as described.

7. In an air compressor and air intercooler, the combination with thebed-plate having air passages, the low pressure cylinder and the highpressure cylinder; of the short distance piece comprising the oppositelyarranged hollow arms, having a cylcylinder, substantially as described.

8. an air compressor and air intercooler, the combination withthebed-plate hav-ing an air compartment, of the long dislifttirice piecehaving a cylinder-head provided with an air compartment, the lowpressure` a'r'id-l'iigh pressure cylinders provided with water-jacketsand having connected air compartments at their ends, the vpistons andthe piston-rod, the short distance piece comprisin the two separatedhollow arms having a cy inder-head at'one, end adapted to form 't herear cylinder-head of said low-pressure ;cylinder, and provided with anair compartk'ment connected with the air passage ,of said edlplate andywith i two independent air f, .spacers in-.communication with apredeter- '-fninedg'roup of theair tubes of said lowpressurey cyhndenthelower hollow arm of said short distance piece arranged to connect withsaid two independent air passages in said cylinder-head of said louTpressure cylinder, and -having the cylinder-head at its opposite endconstituting the front cylinderhead of the said rear cylinder andcontainand aA plurality of air inlet valves ar ,sep arate groups o threeindependent air `compartments, a

rear cylinder head on said high pressure cylinder, a group of air tubesarranged and adapted to connect with said air compartments, and meansincluding a plurality of air inlet and air outlet valvesfin bothcylinders for compressing air in said cylinders and forcing'it to-travel in reverse directions through separated groups of air tubesthrough said water jackets, substantially as described.

9. In an air compressor and air intercooler, the combination with thelow and high pressure cylinders, the piston-rod and.

the pistons arranged in axial alineinent, of a short distance piecebetween said cylinders comprising ltwo independent air conduits having acylinder-head at each end arranged to form the rear cylinder head ot thelow pressure cylinder and the front cylinderhead of the high pressurecylinder, each of said cylinder-heads being arranged into a plurality ofindependent air compartments, at least two corresponding compartments inthe adjacent heads being connected by said air conduits; awater jacket4surrounding each of said c linders, air compartments in the ends of saidcylinders, air tubes in said water jackets and means including air inletand outlet valves arranged to admitl and to C.

discharge air from said cylinders ytor conipressing and cooling air,substantially as described. v- Y 10. In an air compressor thecombination with the bed-plate having an air and a high-pressurecylinder, of a water jacket surrounding said cylinder intermediate ofits ends, air compartments in the ends of said cylinder, a partition inthe front end air compartment ot' said cylinder above the centralportion of said cylinder and forming two compartments, a partition inthe air compartment in the opposite endet1 said cylinder, below thecentral portion of said cy and interc'ooler,

passage opening into the atmosphere,

inder and formin two compartments, and

p air tubes connecting two corresponding air compartments, the aircompressed in said cylinder is caused .to flow in reverse directionsthrough said water jacket, substantially as described.

1l. In an ai r compressor and air intercooler, thecombination of thelong distance piece, the bed-plate, the low pressure cylinder and theshort distancepiece having an air paswhereby sage through it from saidlow pressure cylinder and a valve-controlled air exit passage, with thehigh pressure cylinder having a front cylinder-head comprising a' partof said' short distance piece and containing three independent aircompartments, and a rear cylinder-head containing one air coinpartment,a water jacket surrounding said cylinder, air compartments between theends of said water jacket and the ends ef said cylinder at 'the upperportion of said cylinder, a group of air outlet vvalves leading fromsaid cylinder into said air compartments, a group of air inlet valves ineach cylindery head arranged to admit air to said cylinder, a group ofair tubes extending through said Water f iacket and arranged to conductair from the lower air compartment of said front cylinderhead-throughsaid Water jacket to the air comn partment oi' said rear cylinder-head,anindependent group of air tubes extending 'hrough said Water jacket andarranged to convey air from said rear cylinder head to the central aircompartment of said front cylinder head and an independent group of airtubes in connection with said air outlet 'valves arranged to conduct theair from the .rear end of said cylinder through said Water ljacketftothe Valve-controlled exit of said short distance piece, substantially asde scribed.

12. In an air compressor and air intercooler, the combination of thel'ovv and highA pressure cylinders, the pistons and pistonrod. and thelong and short distance pieces having cylinder heads provided With aircompartments and adapted to form the front and rear cylinder-heads ofthe loW pressure cylinder and the front cylinder-head of lthe highpressure cylinder, the Water jackets sur! rounding said cylinder,.meansfor introducing and discharging a continuous supply of cold Water tosaid Water jackets, air -compertinents in saidfcylinders between theends of the Water jackets and said cylinder-heads,

a plurality of air pipes extending through tially as described.

13. In an air compressor and intercooler,v

the combination of the low and high-pressure cylinders, the pistons andpiston-rod, the

shortdistance piece connecting the cylinders, a Water-jacket surroundingeach cylinder, a

.plurality of air tubes extending through each Waterejacket, and meansincludingair compartments for guiding the air delivered by each strokeof each iston in reverse directions through said tu es, substantially asi described.

In testimon whereof I aliix my signature m presence o vtwo witnesses.

JOHN esoneri LEYNER. Witnessesf v' CLARENCE A. LAWSON, GEORGE R. GREVE.

